4.3 Small Group · Group 2
Second Challenge Form · Non-Routine Extension · Same Standard, New Problems
estimate · benchmark percent · Procedural Fluency · Reasoning & Critique
- You already can do this. So we go up a level, not up a number: find what is always true, show it a second way, and be ready to defend it with a reason instead of an answer.
- The whole is 6 GB — that is 100%.
- I mark the bottom line in benchmark jumps of 25%: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%.
- Equivalent ratios give the top line: 25% of 6 GB is 1.5 GB, so the top reads 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6.
- 4 GB used lands between 4.5 (75%) and 3 (50%), close to 4.5 — so about 70% of the storage is used.
- The Green-Team recycled 216 pounds of material; 8.6% was metal.
- Round both: 8.6% is about 10%, and 216 is about 220.
- 10% of 220 = 0.1 × 220 = 22. About 22 pounds of metal.
- Compatible numbers work too: 10% of 200 = 20. Both estimates agree — around 20 pounds.
- Now prove it: say why that move had to work at all — not just that it did.
- Sentence frame — convince a skeptic: "My method works because ___ . It would stop working if ___ ."
- estimate (estimación) — A reasoned answer that is close enough to be useful, found without exact computation.
- benchmark percent (porcentaje de referencia) — A friendly percent — 1%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% — used as a landmark for estimating.
- compatible numbers (números compatibles) — Numbers close to the originals that are easy to compute with mentally.
- double number line (recta numérica doble) — Two parallel number lines that pair amounts with their percents at the same positions.
- the whole (el todo) — The quantity that counts as 100% in a problem — and it can change between questions.
- Keeping the same whole for every question — when the problem says 'of the used storage,' the whole changes from 6 GB to 4 GB, and estimates anchored to the old whole are wrong before any arithmetic happens.
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1 MULTIPLE CHOICE
For which problem is ESTIMATING clearly the right tool, rather than exact computation?
- ADeciding if a $58 jacket at 25% off fits your $45 budget
- BProgramming a bank to compute interest on every account
- CReporting a medicine dose
- DScoring a state test
✏️ Workspace & Solution Steps -
2 MULTIPLE CHOICE
The Green-Team recycled 216 pounds; 8.6% was metal. Using compatible numbers 10% and 200, the estimate is:
- A20 pounds
- B2 pounds
- C208 pounds
- D86 pounds
Work -
3 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Photos use 3.5 GB of the 4 GB of used storage. About what percent of the USED storage is photos?
- AAbout 87%
- BAbout 58%
- CAbout 35%
- DAbout 99%
✏️ Workspace & Solution Steps -
4 MULTIPLE CHOICE
Why did the whole change between the two storage questions?
- AThe second question asks about the used storage, so 4 GB becomes 100%
- BThe phone gained storage between the questions
- CThe whole never changes in a percent problem
- DBecause photos are more important than mail
✏️ Workspace & Solution Steps
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5 OPEN RESPONSE
Write your own estimation problem about percent, using a real situation from your life. Then solve it with a benchmark and say whether your estimate runs high or low.
✏️ Mathematical Justification & Response -
6 ERROR ANALYSIS
Fix our table's thinking
- 1The problem:Why did the whole change between the two storage questions?
- 2A classmate at our table answered:The whole never changes in a percent problem
Which step contains the error? Explain the mathematical misconception and write the correct calculation below.
✏️ Corrected Mathematical Work & Explanation
Writing Task: Justify why your mathematical solution is accurate and complete.